Afghanistan (SNTV) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
67 of 248 |
27% |
Albania (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
50 of 140 |
36% |
Algeria (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
33 of 407 |
8% |
Andorra (Parallel) |
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
13 of 28 |
46% |
Angola (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
65 of 220 |
30% |
Argentina (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
115 of 257 |
45% |
Armenia (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
38 of 107 |
36% |
Australia (AV) |
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
58 of 151 |
38% |
Austria (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
75 of 183 |
41% |
Bangladesh (FPTP) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
73 of 350 |
21% |
Belgium (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas for the Upper House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
64 of 150 |
43% |
Benin (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
6 of 81 |
7% |
Bolivia (MMP) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas for the Upper House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
60 of 130 |
46% |
Bosnia and Herzegovina (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas for the Upper House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
8 of 42 |
19% |
Botswana (FPTP) |
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
7 of 65 |
11% |
Brazil (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
90 of 513 |
18% |
Burkina Faso (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
12 of 71 |
17% |
Burundi (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas for the Upper House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
47 of 123 |
38% |
Cabo Verde (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
28 of 72 |
39% |
Cameroon (FPTP
PBV
List PR) |
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
61 of 180 |
34% |
Canada (FPTP) |
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
102 of 338 |
30% |
Central African Republic (TRS) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
16 of 140 |
11% |
Chad (FPTP
PBV
List PR) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
52 of 197 |
26% |
Chile (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas for the Upper House
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
55 of 155 |
35% |
China (No direct elections) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
790 of 3000 |
26% |
Colombia (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas for the Upper House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
54 of 187 |
29% |
Comoros (TRS) |
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
4 of 24 |
17% |
Costa Rica (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
27 of 57 |
47% |
Côte d'Ivoire (FPTP
PBV) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas for the Upper House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
34 of 255 |
13% |
Croatia (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
51 of 151 |
34% |
Cyprus (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
8 of 56 |
14% |
Czechia (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas for the Upper House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
52 of 200 |
26% |
Djibouti (Parallel) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
17 of 65 |
26% |
Dominican Republic (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
53 of 190 |
28% |
Ecuador (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
59 of 137 |
43% |
Egypt (TRS
PBV) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
164 of 596 |
28% |
El Salvador (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
0 of 60 |
0% |
Equatorial Guinea (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
32 of 100 |
32% |
Eritrea (No direct elections) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
0 of 150 |
0% |
Eswatini (FPTP) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas for the Upper House
|
16 of 74 |
22% |
Ethiopia (FPTP) |
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
195 of 472 |
41% |
France (TRS) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas for the Upper House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
215 of 577 |
37% |
Gabon (TRS) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas for the Upper House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
25 of 98 |
26% |
Georgia (Parallel) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
27 of 150 |
18% |
Germany (MMP) |
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
260 of 736 |
35% |
Greece (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
69 of 300 |
23% |
Guatemala (List PR) |
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
32 of 160 |
20% |
Guinea (Parallel) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
24 of 81 |
30% |
Guinea-Bissau (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
10 of 102 |
10% |
Guyana (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
|
26 of 71 |
37% |
Haiti (TRS) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas for the Upper House
|
0 of 119 |
0% |
Honduras (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
35 of 128 |
27% |
Hungary (MMP) |
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
26 of 199 |
13% |
Iceland (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
30 of 63 |
48% |
India (FPTP) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
82 of 543 |
15% |
Indonesia (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
124 of 575 |
22% |
Iraq (SNTV) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
95 of 329 |
29% |
Ireland (STV) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
|
37 of 160 |
23% |
Israel (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
29 of 120 |
24% |
Italy (Parallel) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
129 of 400 |
32% |
Japan (Parallel) |
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
48 of 465 |
10% |
Jordan (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
16 of 130 |
12% |
Kazakhstan (Parallel) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
18 of 98 |
18% |
Kenya (FPTP) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas for the Upper House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
82 of 350 |
23% |
Korea, Republic of (MMP) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
57 of 299 |
19% |
Kosovo (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
40 of 120 |
33% |
Kyrgyzstan (Parallel) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
18 of 90 |
20% |
Lesotho (MMP) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
32 of 121 |
26% |
Liberia (FPTP) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
8 of 73 |
11% |
Libya (Parallel) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
|
28 of 170 |
16% |
Lithuania (Parallel) |
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
40 of 141 |
28% |
Luxembourg (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
18 of 60 |
30% |
Malawi (FPTP) |
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
44 of 192 |
23% |
Malaysia (FPTP) |
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
30 of 220 |
14% |
Maldives (FPTP) |
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
4 of 87 |
5% |
Mali (TRS) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
42 of 147 |
29% |
Malta (STV) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
22 of 79 |
28% |
Mauritania (Parallel) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
41 of 176 |
23% |
Mauritius (BV) |
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
14 of 70 |
20% |
Mexico (MMP) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas for the Upper House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
250 of 500 |
50% |
Moldova, Republic of (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
41 of 101 |
41% |
Mongolia (BV) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
13 of 76 |
17% |
Montenegro (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
17 of 81 |
21% |
Morocco (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
96 of 395 |
24% |
Mozambique (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
106 of 250 |
42% |
Namibia (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas for the Upper House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
46 of 104 |
44% |
Nepal (Parallel) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas for the Upper House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
91 of 275 |
33% |
Netherlands (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
61 of 150 |
41% |
New Zealand (MMP) |
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
60 of 120 |
50% |
Nicaragua (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
47 of 91 |
52% |
Niger (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
51 of 171 |
30% |
North Macedonia, Republic of (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
51 of 120 |
43% |
Norway (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
78 of 169 |
46% |
Pakistan (Parallel) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas for the Upper House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
70 of 342 |
20% |
Panama (FPTP
List PR) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
16 of 71 |
23% |
Papua New Guinea (AV) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
2 of 111 |
2% |
Paraguay (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas for the Upper House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
18 of 80 |
23% |
Peru (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
50 of 130 |
38% |
Philippines (Parallel) |
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
85 of 316 |
27% |
Poland (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
130 of 460 |
28% |
Portugal (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
83 of 230 |
36% |
Republic of The Congo (Brazzaville) (TRS) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas for the Upper House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
20 of 151 |
13% |
Romania (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
63 of 330 |
19% |
Rwanda (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas for the Upper House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
49 of 80 |
61% |
Samoa (FPTP) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
|
7 of 54 |
13% |
San Marino (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
|
20 of 60 |
33% |
São Tomé and Príncipe (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
|
8 of 55 |
15% |
Saudi Arabia (No direct elections) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
|
31 of 151 |
21% |
Senegal (Parallel) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
73 of 164 |
45% |
Serbia (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
87 of 250 |
35% |
Sierra Leone (FPTP) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
42 of 149 |
28% |
Slovakia (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
33 of 150 |
22% |
Slovenia (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
34 of 90 |
38% |
Solomon Islands (FPTP) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
|
4 of 50 |
8% |
Somalia (No direct elections) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
54 of 274 |
20% |
South Africa (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
181 of 399 |
45% |
South Sudan (In transition) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas for the Upper House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
178 of 550 |
32% |
Spain (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas for the Upper House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
155 of 350 |
44% |
Sri Lanka (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
12 of 225 |
5% |
State of Palestine (Parallel) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
17 of 132 |
13% |
Sudan (Parallel) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
133 of 426 |
31% |
Sweden (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
162 of 349 |
46% |
Switzerland (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
81 of 200 |
41% |
Taiwan (Parallel) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
47 of 113 |
42% |
Tanzania, United Republic of (FPTP) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
147 of 393 |
37% |
Thailand (Parallel) |
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
94 of 500 |
19% |
Timor-Leste (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
24 of 65 |
37% |
Togo (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
|
18 of 91 |
20% |
Turkey (List PR) |
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
121 of 600 |
20% |
Uganda (FPTP) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
189 of 557 |
34% |
Ukraine (Parallel) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
87 of 450 |
19% |
United Arab Emirates (No direct elections) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
|
20 of 40 |
50% |
United Kingdom (FPTP) |
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
226 of 650 |
35% |
Uruguay (List PR) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas for the Upper House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
26 of 99 |
26% |
Uzbekistan (TRS) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
48 of 150 |
32% |
Vanuatu (SNTV) |
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
1 of 52 |
2% |
Venezuela (Parallel) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
|
92 of 277 |
33% |
Viet Nam (TRS) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
|
151 of 500 |
30% |
Zimbabwe (Parallel) |
- Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
- Legislated quotas for the Upper House
- Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
- Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties
|
85 of 270 |
31% |